A comparison of thickeners in UV formulations

In developing formulations, there are many options available in terms of which grade of product or which supplier's product will best meet the final properties sought. One of the common additives used in UV formulations is a thickening agent. It is added to adjust final viscosity or rheology to achieve optimum application characteristics. Although much has been published on these types of additives, there is very little on their use in UV formulations. This paper serves as an unbiased reference paper comparing several thickeners to serve as a guide for starting point formulations and for emergency substitutions in formulations.